10 Common causes of ascites

Common causes of ascites :

1-Extraperitoneal

 -Acute liver failure

-Alcoholic hepatitis

-Heart failure

-Hypoalbuminemia

- Malnutrition

-Budd-Chiari syndrome

-Nephrotic syndrome

-Cirrhosis

2- Peritoneal causes :.    

-Malignancy (ovarian, pancreatic)

-Infection (tuberculosis, fungal)

Ascites fluid characteristics (Cell count and differential)

A-Color:

Bloody: trauma, malignancy, TB (rarely)

Milky: chylous

Turbid: possible infection

Straw color: likely more benign causes

B- Neutrophils:

2250/mm: peritonitis (secondary or spontaneous bacterial)

C-Total protein

-more than 22.5 g/dL (high-protein ascites)

CHF, constrictive pericarditis, peritoneal carcinomatosis, TB, Budd-Chiari syndrome, fungal

-lees than 2.5 g/dL (low—protein ascites)

Cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome

D-SAAG (serum—ascites albumin gradient)

-more than 1.1 g/dL (indicates portal hypertension)

 Cardiac ascites, cirrhosis, Budd—Chiari syndrome

 -lees than 1.1 g/dL (absence of portal hypertension)

TB, peritoneal carcinomatosis, pancreatic ascites, nephrotic syndrome

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14792-ascites

https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/ascites-medref

https://www.liver.ca/patients-caregivers/liver-diseases/cirrhosis/?gclid=CjwKCAjwvNaYBhA3EiwACgndgs77iCwoynyUU5OeYTt9X-J9so6wubYlO2uhYKjbghqnWzBhbt2ckxoCGCcQAvD_BwE