which can be divided into the following categories:
1. Mild dehydration (3-5% volume loss) presents with a history of decreased intake or increased fluid loss with minimal or no clinical symptoms.
2. Moderate dehydration (6—9% volume loss) presents with decreased skin turgor, dry mucus membranes, tachycardia, irritability, a delayed capillary refill (2—3 seconds), and decreased urine output.
3. Severe dehydration (10—15% volume loss) presents with cool, clammy skin, a delayed capillary refill (>3 seconds), cracked lips, dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes, sunken fontanelle (if still present), tachycardia, lethargy, and minimal or no urine output. Patients can present with hypotension and signs of shock when severely dehydrated